This
study shows that Trastuzumab (Herceptin) raises risk of heart failure.
The risk of either heart failure or
cardiomyopathy was highest in those women who received either trastuzumab alone
or in combination with anthracycline. Women given trastuzumab alone had a
four-fold increased risk of heart failure or cardiomyopathy compared to those
who received no chemotherapy (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] of 4.12). Those who
were treated with a combination with anthracycline had a seven-fold higher risk
of cardiomyopathy or heart failure (adjusted HR of 7.19).
And look: the same sh...t was with another mAb - Avastin! I would
like to ask the
question once again: how in the world “targeted” monoclonal antibody as
Herceptin could be cardiotoxic? Why it is cardiotoxic?
The mechanism of action of this
mAb is following:
Trastuzumab (INN; trade name Herceptin) is
a monoclonal antibody that interferes with the HER2/neu receptor. Its main use
is to treat certain breast cancers.
The
HER receptors are proteins that are embedded in the cell membrane and
communicate molecular signals from outside the cell to inside the cell, and
turn genes on and off. The HER proteins regulate cell growth, survival,
adhesion, migration, and differentiation—functions that are amplified or
weakened in cancer cells. In some cancers, notably some breast cancers, HER2 is
over-expressed, and causes breast cells to reproduce uncontrollably.
Antibodies are molecules from the immune
system that bind selectively to different proteins. Trastuzumab is an antibody
that binds selectively to the HER2 protein. When it binds to defective HER2
proteins, the HER2 protein no longer causes cells in the breast to reproduce
uncontrollably. This increases the survival of people with cancer. However,
cancers usually develop resistance to trastuzumab.
The key
words here are “Trastuzumab is an antibody that binds selectively to the HER2
protein”. Something is disconnected in this scheme. I would guess that the
cardiotoxicity comes from non-selectivity of binding – there are thousands of
thousands other different receptors which can be affected by this mAb. Or HER2
protein inhibition by itself is responsible for the toxicity. Who knows? Who
cares? The medicine is blockbuster – and this is of the greatest importance!
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