Simpson's paradox. Creativity of AZ

Data manipulation and misrepresentation is very powerful weapon for convincing of investors, agencies, clients and customers. One of the tricks is Simpson's paradox:

In probability and statistics, Simpson's paradox (or the Yule–Simpson effect) is a paradox in which a correlation present in different groups is reversed when the groups are combined. This result is often encountered in social-science and medical-science statistics, and is particularly confounding when frequency data are unduly given causal interpretations.

Here (and here) is a description how AZ used this paradox. Big money on the stake – and it stimulates AZ's statistical creativity!